If an additional layer of symmetric-key crypto is required (for, say, post-quantum resistance), WireGuard also supports an optional pre-shared key that is mixed into the public key cryptography
~ from : https://www.wireguard.com/protocol/
See also: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Post-quantum_cryptography
~ https://crypto.stackexchange.com/questions/41796/whats-the-purpose-of-key-rotation
BTW, you cannot change a public key without changing the private, and vice versa, meaning the method of identifying your peer changes.