SQM doesn't do its job

Great, that sqm configuration file looks like a good starting point!

Okay, let's look at what rates you can expect with your shaper settings:

55.000 * ((1500-20-20)/(1500+22)) = 52.76 Mbps
4.000 * ((1500-20-20)/(1500+22)) = 3.84 Mbps

Mmmh, given that the test-servers sit in the US the download of ~50.1Mbps (of maximally 52.7) seems okayish, the upload is a bit on the low side with 2.7 (of 3.8). What speeds do you measure when you use speedtest.net nodes closer to your location (especially upload)?

The test with whatsapp looks pretty similar with the whatsapp offline tests, when looking at bufferbloat/latency. Did you actually transfer files in the background and did this interfere with your gaming (in other words, did you notice your families whatsapp activity by increased latency encountered in your game?)

If due to quarantine problems, my brothers who use the network are sending their schoolwork through WhatsApp then I suffer from very high latencies

So even with the new sqm settings you still get latency spikes? May I ask how many different users we are talking about here that might be sending stuff concurrently?

from 4 users

Okay, if these 4 send simultaneously, each will get ~1 Mbps with your current settings, or assuming your gaming also needs loads of bandwidth each will get 4/5 = 0.8 Mbps. As far as I can tell that should be enough for most games?

mmm ok, so I keep this setting current, don't I have to modify anything else?

So while doing the modifications in my router something unexpected came up, apparently all the configuration I did was lost was the factory reset, I guess because this router does not have support for openwrt in the forum, so out of laziness I looked for another router with the ones Same features and if it had support I tried it and it turned out that if it runs openwrt, maybe it is because the configuration was lost?

That sounds suspicious, if your router does not maintain its configuration over a reboot, your issue might be not so much that sqm is hard to configure, but more that you might loose your sqm configuration randomly, no. Maybe you write a more detailed description in your native language, and I will try google translate to make sense out of it?

Bueno, hice una publicación sobre mi enrutador OpenWrt support for TL-WR841HP V5?
ya que aparentemente no está en la lista de openwrt como un dispositivo compatible, así que vi el hardware que tiene mi enrutador y parece que hay varios enrutadores con el mismo hardware que el mío
entonces decidi probar el router TP-Link TL-WR840N v4 corriendo openwrt compilacion 19.07.3
en mi router al parecer funciona bien openwrt

So you installed the firmware image for a WR840Nv4 on your WR841HPv5 by using the force option? Or did you switch your router for an WR840Nv4?
Anyway, if you use a non-matching firmware image things might easily go wrong.
Please continue testing, and if you encouter the problem again with increased latency during whatsapp uploads, run the following command tc -s qdisc to check whether the sqm shaper is still instantiated and post its output here, thanks. And btw, I live on the other side of the world, so am on a different night/day cycle :0

si tiene razón, use la fuerza en la instalación o eso, quiero decir, ya que usé tftp para flashear openwrt

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Por eso es que no te esta funcionando bien. Tienes que usar una version compatible con tu dispositivo.
Aun la mas menor diferencia puede causar problemas. Por ejemplo, la perdida de la configuración que te paso.

ENG: that's why it is not working, you need to use a build specifically made for your hardware. Even the most minor variances can cause issues, such as losing your settings, as happened to you.

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I am with TopDog, and am very suspicious of the almost fitting firmware image to cause some issues.
Please try to just run this and collect the tc -s qdisc output the next time you encounter the latency issues. Make sure to collect the data as quickly as possible, and also collect the output of uptime please to see how long the router was running at that time.

P.S.: I like TopDog's style of adding an english translation immediately to a spanish/non-english text, as the forum's language is english, I wish I had thought about proposing that.

incluso si es el mismo hardware?

It is not the same hardware, as your linked thread showed, different RAM amount, different CPU speed, etc.

So do not even try. Please find a supported piece of hardware. I'm sure that with all the pandemic network upgrading going on, some people are selling off older, but well-supported hardware. For example an Archer C7 (TP-Link).

tenia el archer c7 v5 tuve que venderlo ya que no se acomodaba a mis necesidades con openwrt lo primero que notaba era que no me daba el plan contratado de mi isp era muy baja la velocidad de internet mal equipo

Mmmh, I am pretty sure I have seen results with Archer C7s reaching your bandwidth with SQM, so could it have been that your unit was defective?

Edwpat, I have a lot of experience with C7s (hundreds of units), and they are very good hardware, and can absolutely keep up with the speeds shown in your tests. The latest OpenWRT Wifi for them has a few issues, but as far as SQM, they work fine at less than 100Mbps.

recientemente entre a jugar entonces en media partida mi latencia se subio a 900ms entonces queria saber el porque pero no recorde que comando era para ver eso

root@OpenWrt:~# tc -s
Usage: tc [ OPTIONS ] OBJECT { COMMAND | help }
       tc [-force] -batch filename
where  OBJECT := { qdisc | class | filter | action | monitor | exec }
       OPTIONS := { -V[ersion] | -s[tatistics] | -d[etails] | -r[aw] |
                    -j[son] | -p[retty] |
                    -b[atch] [filename] | -n[etns] name |
                    -nm | -nam[es] | { -cf | -conf } path }
root@OpenWrt:~# uptime
 02:33:58 up 2 days,  1:25,  load average: 0.00, 0.00, 0.00

aunque solo esto logre ejecutar cuando la latencia bajo