Radxa E52C a great OpenWrt device

xiaobo · August 21, 2026, 12:40pm

Model	E52C
SoC	Rockchip rk3582
CPU	Dual-core Cortex-A76 with up to 2.4 GHz Quad-core Cortex-A55 at up to 1.8GH
GPU	N/A
NPU	NPU supports INT4/INT8/INT16/FP16/BF16 and TF32 acceleration, computing power up to 5TOPs
DDR	1GB / 2GB / 4GB 32-bit LPDDR4
Storage	eMMC onBoard：0GB / 16GB / 32GB / 64GB microSD Card
Multimedia	H.264 and H.265 encoder by 4K@60fps
Ethernet	2x 2.5G GbE
USB	1x USB 3.0 Port
Power	5V / 3A
Size(Motherboard)	66mm x 66mm
Casing	72mm x 72mm x 28.7mm aluminium alloy casing (Optional)

enable functional second big cluster via OTP state for Rockchip 3582

github.com/openwrt/openwrt

uboot-rockchip: enable functional second big cluster via OTP state (#24464)

main ← peterwillcn:rk3582-bigcore

opened 02:14AM - 29 Jul 26 UTC

peterwillcn

+26 -0

Remove the hardcoded restriction that forcibly disables the second big CPU clust…er on RK3582. The original code unconditionally masked the second big cluster regardless of hardware state, unnecessarily limiting performance on fully functional RK3582 SKUs with clean OTP state. After this change, cluster availability follows the factory-programmed OTP ip_state value: - Enable the second big cluster if no hardware failure is marked in OTP - Keep faulty clusters disabled on defective SKUs to ensure stability This change unlocks native dual big-core capability, improves multi-task scheduling, and boosts general throughput while retaining full hardware compatibility. Note this change only relaxes CPU cluster policy. GPU and selected codec cores remain force-failed on RK3582. Unlike CPU cluster2, these IP blocks are officially defeatured for all RK3582 SKUs per silicon specification,rather than being subject to per-unit hardware variation recorded in OTP. <img width="583" height="474" alt="89641cf6-0a15-4050-b947-920243e28a87" src="https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/cc7bcde8-f5ec-4c61-ba68-4cf73aef579d" /> <img width="249" height="178" alt="1a8e0c8e-9d3d-49b5-8efe-8d50e67a357d" src="https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/7e197b29-fc94-44f4-aedc-1e513f345cfd" />

wireguard-benchmark.sh

Packages:
wireguard-tools already installed
iperf3 already installed
ip-full already installed
kmod-veth already installed
psmisc needs to be installed
Installing packages:  psmisc
ERROR: unable to select packages:
  psmisc (no such package):
    required by: world[psmisc]

Router details:
{
	"kernel": "6.18.41",
	"hostname": "OpenWrt",
	"system": "ARMv8 Processor rev 0",
	"model": "Radxa E52C",
	"board_name": "radxa,e52c",
	"rootfs_type": "squashfs",
	"release": {
		"distribution": "OpenWrt",
		"version": "SNAPSHOT",
		"firmware_url": "https://downloads.openwrt.org/",
		"revision": "r35635-7eaec57569",
		"target": "rockchip/armv8",
		"description": "OpenWrt SNAPSHOT r35635-7eaec57569",
		"builddate": "1785661946"
	}
}
Connecting to host 169.254.200.2, port 4242
[  5] local 169.254.200.1 port 59976 connected to 169.254.200.2 port 4242
[ ID] Interval           Transfer     Bitrate         Retr  Cwnd
[  5]   0.00-1.00   sec   396 MBytes  3.32 Gbits/sec    0    737 KBytes
[  5]   1.00-2.00   sec   402 MBytes  3.37 Gbits/sec    0    703 KBytes
[  5]   2.00-3.00   sec   401 MBytes  3.37 Gbits/sec    0    737 KBytes
[  5]   3.00-4.00   sec   408 MBytes  3.42 Gbits/sec    0    847 KBytes
[  5]   4.00-5.00   sec   410 MBytes  3.44 Gbits/sec    0   1.29 MBytes
[  5]   5.00-6.00   sec   404 MBytes  3.39 Gbits/sec    0    908 KBytes
[  5]   6.00-7.00   sec   406 MBytes  3.41 Gbits/sec    0    887 KBytes
[  5]   7.00-8.00   sec   404 MBytes  3.39 Gbits/sec    0    794 KBytes
[  5]   8.00-9.00   sec   402 MBytes  3.37 Gbits/sec    0    839 KBytes
[  5]   9.00-10.00  sec   398 MBytes  3.34 Gbits/sec    0   1.04 MBytes
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
[ ID] Interval           Transfer     Bitrate         Retr
[  5]   0.00-10.00  sec  3.94 GBytes  3.38 Gbits/sec    0            sender
[  5]   0.00-10.00  sec  3.93 GBytes  3.38 Gbits/sec                  receiver

iperf Done.
exec of "fuser" failed: No such file or directory

Markdown Table Row:
| Radxa E52C / ENTER CPU MODEL     | OpenWrt SNAPSHOT / 6.18.41       | 3.38 Gbits/sec |  |

iperf3 -s -D && iperf3 -c 127.0.0.1
[ 5] 0.00-10.00 sec 45.7 GBytes 39.3 Gbits/sec 0 sender
[ 5] 0.00-10.00 sec 45.7 GBytes 39.3 Gbits/sec receiver

 OpenWrt SNAPSHOT, r35635-7eaec57569
 -----------------------------------------------------
root@OpenWrt:~# ubus call system board
{
	"kernel": "6.18.41",
	"hostname": "OpenWrt",
	"system": "ARMv8 Processor rev 0",
	"model": "Radxa E52C",
	"board_name": "radxa,e52c",
	"rootfs_type": "squashfs",
	"release": {
		"distribution": "OpenWrt",
		"version": "SNAPSHOT",
		"firmware_url": "https://downloads.openwrt.org/",
		"revision": "r35635-7eaec57569",
		"target": "rockchip/armv8",
		"description": "OpenWrt SNAPSHOT r35635-7eaec57569",
		"builddate": "1785661946"
	}
}
root@OpenWrt:~# iperf3 -s -D && iperf3 -c 127.0.0.1
Connecting to host 127.0.0.1, port 5201
[  5] local 127.0.0.1 port 52968 connected to 127.0.0.1 port 5201
[ ID] Interval           Transfer     Bitrate         Retr  Cwnd
[  5]   0.00-1.00   sec  4.66 GBytes  40.0 Gbits/sec    0    895 KBytes
[  5]   1.00-2.00   sec  4.03 GBytes  34.6 Gbits/sec    0    895 KBytes
[  5]   2.00-3.00   sec  3.69 GBytes  31.7 Gbits/sec    0    895 KBytes
[  5]   3.00-4.00   sec  3.96 GBytes  34.0 Gbits/sec    0    895 KBytes
[  5]   4.00-5.00   sec  4.60 GBytes  39.5 Gbits/sec    0    895 KBytes
[  5]   5.00-6.00   sec  4.31 GBytes  37.0 Gbits/sec    0    895 KBytes
[  5]   6.00-7.00   sec  2.58 GBytes  22.2 Gbits/sec    0    895 KBytes
[  5]   7.00-8.00   sec  4.25 GBytes  36.5 Gbits/sec    0    895 KBytes
[  5]   8.00-9.00   sec  3.48 GBytes  29.9 Gbits/sec    0    895 KBytes
[  5]   9.00-10.00  sec  4.46 GBytes  38.3 Gbits/sec    0   1023 KBytes
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
[ ID] Interval           Transfer     Bitrate         Retr
[  5]   0.00-10.00  sec  45.7 GBytes  39.3 Gbits/sec    0            sender
[  5]   0.00-10.00  sec  45.7 GBytes  39.3 Gbits/sec                  receiver

iperf Done.

efahl · August 21, 2026, 6:20pm

Those look like our old friend, the RTL8125 , but at least the cores should be big enough to NAT at 2.5.

Do you have any power numbers? (I left my OPi R2S on the power meter overnight and its idle draw is 3.1W average with a single 1G port plugged in.)

xiaobo · August 21, 2026, 7:33pm

3.6W

efahl · August 21, 2026, 8:16pm

Nice, is that with both NICs plugged in and alive? The RTL8125BG is documented to draw about 700 mA, so if that's with both active, then the base device is only using about 2.2.

d687r02j8g · August 21, 2026, 9:16pm

I have one of these. For some reason the usb port doesn't work with usb ethernet adaptor.

xiaobo · August 22, 2026, 1:25am

2 RTL8125BG both active + RK3582 ≈ 3.7W

d687r02j8g · August 22, 2026, 5:52am

I have a realtek one, it fails under any load.

github.com/openwrt/openwrt

8152 usb 3.0 on e52c - NETDEV WATCHDOG: CPU: 0: transmit queue 0 timed out 5396 ms

opened 05:06PM - 14 Jul 26 UTC

d687r02j8g

target/rockchip bug Official Image Supported Device release/25.12

### Describe the bug I'm having a similar issue as https://github.com/openwrt/o…penwrt/issues/22130 However they seem to be able to fix the issue via a firmware version difference or using immortalwrt. I cannot seem to do the same. @RadxaNaoki ### OpenWrt version r33051-f5dae5ece4 ### OpenWrt release 25.12.5 ### OpenWrt target/subtarget rockchip/armv8 ### Device Radxa E52C ### Image kind Official downloaded image ### Steps to reproduce Plug in usb 3 adaptor, run iper3 over link. The link will go down and the dmesg log will say ``` [ 156.533700] r8152 2-1:1.0 eth0: NETDEV WATCHDOG: CPU: 0: transmit queue 0 timed out 5396 ms [ 156.534468] r8152 2-1:1.0 eth0: Tx timeout: back/submit = 1401/1402, tx queue = 0 [ 156.537555] r8152 2-1:1.0 eth0: Tx status -2 ``` ### Actual behaviour The link goes down, you see the following in the log ``` [ 156.533700] r8152 2-1:1.0 eth0: NETDEV WATCHDOG: CPU: 0: transmit queue 0 timed out 5396 ms [ 156.534468] r8152 2-1:1.0 eth0: Tx timeout: back/submit = 1401/1402, tx queue = 0 [ 156.537555] r8152 2-1:1.0 eth0: Tx status -2 ``` ### Expected behaviour The gigabit ethernet adaptor works as normal ### Additional info I have tried immortalwrt to see if this help as there is a package which has driver version v2.21.4 (2025/10/28) vs the openwrt version of v1.12.13. I have tried to build a snapshot image, this didn't help either. I have ensured that my power supply can provide the recommended 5v / 3amp. ### Diffconfig ```text ``` ### Terms - [x] I am reporting an issue for OpenWrt, not an unsupported fork.

xiaobo · August 22, 2026, 6:24am

This driver bug was already fixed in kernel 6.18.
Run uname -a to check the kernel version of your firmware.

d687r02j8g · August 23, 2026, 6:38am

That's good to know. I checked and the latest stable uses 6.12 and snapshot uses 6.18, I'll try to update to snapshot to see if it resolved the issue.

Are all the kernel fixes included in openwrt immediately?