When I initiate a call via Wi-Fi from my phone, which ports on my router become active and what happens? How can I monitor this? Is there an application within OpenWrt that can do this?
Just place the call, it is only outgoing "connections"
NAT and UPNP take place, a secure encrypted connection is made over your internet to your mobile networks 3gpp server, think of it like a VPN, but purely for calls and texts, the vast majority use TCP to 443 for the initial handshake, and then the rest is over UDP
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When I checked now, Vodafone is using port 4500. Can I add this port to the firewall rules and prioritize it in SQM?
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YOU sho&ld not strip cs5 from it.
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How can I add this rule to the firewall to prioritize this port?
You do not have to prioritize anything, it is already set to cs5 exitting droid.
Easy voip detection is ct avgpacket < 300 if you really want to re-shspe it.
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If you're talking about VoWiFi then it's IPsec connection to your provider's ePDG which looks like something.provider_code.country_code_of_some_sort.pub.3gppnetwork.org. Regular IPsec, nothing more. Ports required for that are already in OpenWrt's default firewall rules. Not sure about priorities, mine doesn't bump it anything higher than regular traffic. Works fine though as SQM provides fair traffic sharing between clients by default.
Usually those cell providers are greedy and do not allow connections from abroad so they can charge for roaming. But with little cheating you can make local calls via your provider's VoWiFi from any place in the World.
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SQM strips the DSCP tag set originally by the client.
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we know nothing about how you have setup your internal network, which router model you are using, which Openwrt version you are using, how your WiFi network/s are setup, what type of internet you are using.
Any chance you can fill in the blanks for us?
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