You need to adjust the configuration on the firewall.
Network > Firewall > Zones. Then edit the firewall zone corresponding to docker. Here for me it is displayed as "docker". in "Covered networks", add the wan network for external communication and lan if you want it to have communication with the openwrt lan.
I see this argument creates a new dsa bridge where the veth interfaces hook into, my advice is to go into luci -> network -> interfaces and then click the devices tab, and click on the right bridge the id should reflect with dockers bridge id which you can obtain from the cli, you also want to check the checkbox keep up bridge selected on the bridge as docker will complain it cannot add the veth device.
Basically you want to create a new network interface with a unknown protocol and then covering this bridge with a new firewall zone you point to wan.