How does OpenWrt ensure network device names are consistent?

Suppose you have an RPi or similar SBC running OpenWrt. You have say an onboard ethernet, and a couple of USB ethernets. You have different subnets attached to each one. Suppose they're named eth0, eth1, and eth2 when you first boot up and configure them.

How do we know that they will remain named eth0, eth1, and eth2 each time it reboots? And if they are unplugged from the USB ports and shuffled at all, will they have different names?

This seems like a security issue, because if they reboot with different names, then the subnets will be changed, and the firewall will be different... what keep this consistent?

If you make static address to them in the interfaces based on their MAC or more exact UUID if we talk about USB hardware.

That should lock the hardware to the specified interface.

I feel that the biggest security issue is really the use of RPi for router work. Yes it is possible but I don’t see the point since it has one LAN port and one WiFi. To run ethernet over USB is not a effective way to do it based on how data flow is built up in the USB standard.

How to Ensure Consistent Network Interface Assignments in OpenWrt? - #2 by vgaetera

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Won't that just set the mac address? That's not really the issue. Suppose you have wan connected to onboard ethernet. Lan connected to one USB NIC and a DMZ connected to another USB... How do you prevent the LAN and DMZ getting switched? Or even the WAN and LAN?

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afaik interfaces are switched around depending on the order in which they appear (and on boot also the order the drivers are loaded does determine how things are named).

I had developed a script that re-assignes interfaces by reading the mac address, and use it as a local package in my builds (it's installed and run as a service on boot) as my usecase was mainly to ship a pre-written config file so that if I decide to erase the config on sysupgrade it does not reset interfaces and Lan becomes whatever and I need to go and swap cables and manually change it back.

but you probably need to add it to hotplug folder as well so it's triggered every time a new network device is added/removed

This is the procd init script

#!/bin/sh /etc/rc.common

START=11

# don't run within buildroot
[ -n "${IPKG_INSTROOT}" ] && return 0

#use busybox grep as GNU grep may be set differently and break the script
grep(){
/bin/busybox 'grep' $@
}

#shutting down all interfaces, then assigning temporary name to free up interface names
#bridges and virtual interfaces are already excluded by  /sys/class/net/*/device/uevent as only physical interfaces have that
for i in $( ls /sys/class/net/*/device/uevent | awk -F'/' '{print $5}' | tr '\n' ' ' ) ;
do

	mac_address=$( grep $i /etc/config/mac-static-interfaces | awk '{print $3}' | tr -d '"' )
	if [ "$mac_address" != '' ]; then
	
		ip link set "$i" down 
		ip link set "$i" name old"$i"
		
	fi
done

for i in $( ls /sys/class/net/*/device/uevent | awk -F'/' '{print $5}' | tr '\n' ' ' ) ;
do

mac_address=$( cat /sys/class/net/$i/address  )
	interface_name=$( grep -i $mac_address /etc/config/mac-static-interfaces | awk '{print $2}' )
	if [ "$interface_name" != '' ]; then
	
		ip link set "$i" down 
		ip link set "$i" name "$interface_name"
		
	fi
done

and this is the config file /etc/config/mac-static-interfaces


config mac-static-interfaces
	#option eth0 "70:85:c2:8a:57:4d"
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I'm creating a package, "static-device-names" to do exactly this. It is inspired by @bobafetthotmail's work posted here.

My package supports matching MAC addresses and PCI IDs, or both and including lists. The configuration is proper UCI format.

Here's the draft PR if you're interested: https://github.com/openwrt/packages/pull/23618

A bit more testing and I'll be able to call this v1 and request to be added to the comunity packages.

Let me know if you have any feature requests!

Cheers

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