Thanks, I gotta dig out a connector like this or try using logic analyzer probes.
Nowhere to get it locally or without 20EUR of shipping cost.
These kind of connectors are commonly used on corded mouses, if you have one that you no longer use, it can be removed, they usually have 6 pins but the extra pin can easily be cut off.
Hm, I used to have one for spare parts.
Will have a look
Finally got around to soldering the UART adaptor, so they are being d*cks and have disabled UART in the stock FW completely.
Ok, managed to pull the DTS using OpenWrt initramfs:
It looks like there are 3 different revision of the Askey board, Dynalink one is: Askey RT5010W-D350/REV0
BTW, stock FW is just the traditional QSDK SquashFS inside of UBI and that's it, its not encrypted or anything so it can easily be unpacked.
They are changing various PHY registers as well as PHY LED config using shell scripts, looks to be built on SFP11.2 QSDK release so semi recent.
rt5010w-rev2 | rt5010w-rev3 | rt5010w-d347-rev0 | rt5010w-d350-rev0 | rt5011w-rev0)
## PURDA-672
## QCA8075 setting
## Askey, Harry Chen, 2020/02/25 , modify LED behavior for QCA8075 (LAN)
ssdk_sh debug phy set 0x0 0xd 0x7
ssdk_sh debug phy set 0x0 0xe 0x8076
ssdk_sh debug phy set 0x0 0xd 0x4007
ssdk_sh debug phy set 0x0 0xe 0x0640
ssdk_sh debug phy set 0x1 0xd 0x7
ssdk_sh debug phy set 0x1 0xe 0x8076
ssdk_sh debug phy set 0x1 0xd 0x4007
ssdk_sh debug phy set 0x1 0xe 0x0640
ssdk_sh debug phy set 0x2 0xd 0x7
ssdk_sh debug phy set 0x2 0xe 0x8076
ssdk_sh debug phy set 0x2 0xd 0x4007
ssdk_sh debug phy set 0x2 0xe 0x0640
ssdk_sh debug phy set 0x3 0xd 0x7
ssdk_sh debug phy set 0x3 0xe 0x8076
ssdk_sh debug phy set 0x3 0xd 0x4007
ssdk_sh debug phy set 0x3 0xe 0x0640
ssdk_sh debug phy set 0x4 0xd 0x7
ssdk_sh debug phy set 0x4 0xe 0x8076
ssdk_sh debug phy set 0x4 0xd 0x4007
ssdk_sh debug phy set 0x4 0xe 0x0640
## QCA8081 setting
## Askey, Harry Chen, 2020/02/25, modify LED behavior for QCA-8081 (WAN)
ssdk_sh debug phy set 0x1c 0x40078078 0x8600
;;
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Came across this thread while looking for some info on other askey routers. If the stock fw allows it, can you send a backup of the config? If it's anything like RT4230W I might be able to enable telnet or ssh by modifying it. No guarantees tho.
If you have some spare time, can you try this as bootcmd on the Dynalink?
"setenv bootargs console=ttyMSM0,115200n8 ubi.mtd=rootfs root=mtd:rootfs rootfstype=squashfs rootwait; ubi part fs; ubi read 43ffd000 kernel; bootm 43ffd000"
This works on a netgear IPQ6018 secure boot enabled device (playing with an image build from the TIP repo, 5.4 kernel)
This avoids the bootipq image signing check etc.
BTW will get a Dynalink myself soon.
Sure, I can try tomorrow as its time to get it completed due to its price
The config backup does not seem to be a ZIP anymore.
Nah, that wont work without setting the NAND ID, and partition table manually first.
Can you send a copy anyways? Askey likes to use their own special methods of compressing the config file
Sure, here it is:
I'll take a look at it a bit later
Ahh, mtdids and mtdparts is already set on my device.
this should work on the Dynalink:
mtdids=nand0=nand0
mtdparts=mtdparts=nand0:0x6100000@0x7a00000(fs),
It's not an issue setting it manually, I am looking now at what the secure boot verifies cause it seems like only the kernel is being verified.
The issue is that they are making an SCM call to do so, the certificate partition is LUKS encrypted UBI volume
On my device they are parsing the elf image header ( parse_elf_image_phdr) and this fails with " It is not a elf image"
The same is being done here, they are just using the bog standard QCA bootloader and bootqca/bootipq command which does everything automagically.
Looking at the code I dont see an obvious exploit.
Here is the bootipq in debug mode:
IPQ807x# bootipq debug
call do_boot_signedimg()
Using nand device 0
setenv mtdids nand0=nand0 && setenv mtdparts mtdparts=nand0:0x6100000@0x1000000(fs),0x6100000@0x7a00000(fs_1),${msmparts}
[Askey] check_dualimg_nand()-3
******* check firmware img *****
ubi part fs && ubi read 0x44000000 kernel 0x800
ubi0: attaching mtd1
ubi0: scanning is finished
ubi0: attached mtd1 (name "mtd=0", size 97 MiB)
ubi0: PEB size: 131072 bytes (128 KiB), LEB size: 126976 bytes
ubi0: min./max. I/O unit sizes: 2048/2048, sub-page size 2048
ubi0: VID header offset: 2048 (aligned 2048), data offset: 4096
ubi0: good PEBs: 776, bad PEBs: 0, corrupted PEBs: 0
ubi0: user volume: 3, internal volumes: 1, max. volumes count: 128
ubi0: max/mean erase counter: 2/0, WL threshold: 4096, image sequence number: 509821238
ubi0: available PEBs: 0, total reserved PEBs: 776, PEBs reserved for bad PEB handling: 40
Read 2048 bytes from volume kernel to 44000000
NOT unsigned kernel FW header
[Askey] Secure boot Rev 2.00
[Askey] signed kernel FW package
ubi read 0x44000000 kernel 0x3fd800
Read 4184064 bytes from volume kernel to 44000000
checkImage magic img 0x27051956 IH_MAGIC 0x27051956 imgsize 0x3fac00
Image Name: Linux-4.4.60
Image Type: ARM Linux Kernel Image (lzma compressed)
Data Size: 4172736 Bytes = 4 MiB
Load Address: 41080000
Entry Point: 41080000
Verifying Checksum ... OK
kernel_size 0x3fd000 eb_size 0x800 rootfs_size_temp 0x2180840
ubi read 0x443fd040 ubi_rootfs 0x2181000
Read 35131392 bytes from volume ubi_rootfs to 443fd040
checkImage magic img 0x27051956 IH_MAGIC 0x27051956 imgsize 0x2180840
Image Name: root.squashfs
Image Type: ARM Linux Firmware (lzma compressed)
Data Size: 35129344 Bytes = 33.5 MiB
Load Address: 00000000
Entry Point: 00000000
Verifying Checksum ... OK
******* OK *****
bootargs=ubi.mtd=rootfs root=mtd:ubi_rootfs rootfstype=squashfs uboot-version=0.0.1-1-80112-CS rootwait
[Askey] do_boot_signedimg()
Booting from flash
[Askey] do_boot_signedimg() debug-01, addr: 44000000
ubi0: detaching mtd1
ubi0: mtd1 is detached
ubi0: attaching mtd1
ubi0: scanning is finished
ubi0: attached mtd1 (name "mtd=0", size 97 MiB)
ubi0: PEB size: 131072 bytes (128 KiB), LEB size: 126976 bytes
ubi0: min./max. I/O unit sizes: 2048/2048, sub-page size 2048
ubi0: VID header offset: 2048 (aligned 2048), data offset: 4096
ubi0: good PEBs: 776, bad PEBs: 0, corrupted PEBs: 0
ubi0: user volume: 3, internal volumes: 1, max. volumes count: 128
ubi0: max/mean erase counter: 2/0, WL threshold: 4096, image sequence number: 509821238
ubi0: available PEBs: 0, total reserved PEBs: 776, PEBs reserved for bad PEB handling: 40
ubi read 0x44000000 kernel && Read 0 bytes from volume kernel to 44000000
No size specified -> Using max size (4190208)
[Askey] do_boot_signedimg() debug-02, size: 0
[Askey] do_boot_signedimg() debug-05, 44000000 4190208
dtb_config_name: <config@rt5010w-d350-rev0>
bootm 0x44000068#config@rt5010w-d350-rev0
## Loading kernel from FIT Image at 44000068 ...
Using 'config@rt5010w-d350-rev0' configuration
Trying 'kernel@1' kernel subimage
Description: ARM64 OpenWrt Linux-4.4.60
Type: Kernel Image
Compression: gzip compressed
Data Start: 0x44000150
Data Size: 3922338 Bytes = 3.7 MiB
Architecture: AArch64
OS: Linux
Load Address: 0x41080000
Entry Point: 0x41080000
Hash algo: crc32
Hash value: 71ea479e
Hash algo: sha1
Hash value: 805491e1ce0ad2c317e3a52a8b9654091160d743
Verifying Hash Integrity ... crc32+ sha1+ OK
## Loading fdt from FIT Image at 44000068 ...
Using 'config@rt5010w-d350-rev0' configuration
Trying 'fdt@rt5010w-d350-rev0' fdt subimage
Description: ARM64 OpenWrt rt5010w-d350 device tree blob
Type: Flat Device Tree
Compression: uncompressed
Data Start: 0x443e6150
Data Size: 82227 Bytes = 80.3 KiB
Architecture: AArch64
Hash algo: crc32
Hash value: 877a0dfe
Hash algo: sha1
Hash value: 19595d50a1c0362b772db8f69b3dbd5773e444a0
Verifying Hash Integrity ... crc32+ sha1+ OK
Booting using the fdt blob at 0x443e6150
Uncompressing Kernel Image ... OK
Loading Device Tree to 4a3e8000, end 4a3ff132 ... OK
Could not find PCI in device tree
Using machid 0x8850105 from environment
Starting kernel ...
Jumping to AARCH64 kernel via monitor
By any chance were you able to get any sort of firmware dump from the router? All I really need is either the rootfs or an ota
I can give you the rootfs that I dumped from initramfs, I was not able to capture the OTA image.
No idea if it matches the exported config file though, it was a while ago.
Here are all of the partitions dumped:
https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1-Juhxm29UgfRqwX9doycXJK-L3gk01HK?usp=sharing
Were you able to extract any files? I'm trying with binwalk -e but the two rootfs files are basically empty