I wanted to have advice to replace the box of my ISP by a box, the problem is that I have the free phone, should I take a router ADSL / VDSL, and I would keep the phone Free?
Is your "free phone" analog on the phone wires, or VOIP through the modem box?
You can test this by unplugging the modem and plugging a phone directly into the wall to see if it works to make calls. If it does, it's an analog line.
If it is analog the phone service is independent of the DSL, so you can use any modem. If it is VOIP, usually you have to use their modem / ATA box because they don't let you configure a different ATA.
If your phone service is analog underneath DSL, you would split off the phones before the modem. To test that, plug a phone directly to the line with no modem and see if it works.
If it is VOIP on top of the DSL, as is increasingly common, you need their box to run the VOIP. In that case you should configure their box as a pppoe bridge to continue to use it as a modem, and buy a standard router with no DSL modem inside.