Can I Set Up a Mesh Network with Only Two Access Points?

Hello everyone,

I’m planning to build my own router using OpenWrt. Currently, I have a fiber connection with a 500/50 Mbps plan, but the router provided by my ISP has very poor specifications.

To improve my setup, I plan to repurpose an old gaming laptop (Intel® Core™ i5-10300H processor, 16GB RAM) as my new OpenWrt device. I’ll use a USB 3.0 to 1 Gbps Ethernet adapter to connect the laptop to a TP-LINK TL-SG108 switch. From there, I intend to use two TP-LINK RE315 access points (in access point mode) connected to the switch to provide Wi-Fi coverage throughout my home.

I know the RE315 supports TP-Link's OneMesh technology, but as far as I understand, OneMesh requires a compatible TP-Link router to function.

So, my questions are:

  1. Is it possible to achieve a functional mesh network without a dedicated router, using only two access points?
  2. If it’s possible, could you recommend access points or other hardware that would work for this setup?
  3. If it’s not possible, would buying a budget-friendly Wi-Fi 6 router, running it in access point mode, and connecting it to one of the RE315 devices enable the OneMesh system?
  1. Yes but not with the RE315 as they're unsupported:
    https://openwrt.org/toh/tp-link/start

  2. Pokes @bluewavenet for recommended hardware for mesh

  3. Onemesh is a proprietary system and if you don't use it's proprietary mesh you end up with a pretty poor repeater.

So both access points will be connected to the switch by ethernet?
If so it is NOT a mesh you are looking for.

A mesh is to provide a wireless backhaul.

Are you looking to have your user devices automatically roam from one AP to the other?

Yes, exactly.

Then you do not want a mesh.

See this documentation:
https://openwrt.org/docs/guide-user/network/wifi/mesh/802-11s#are_you_sure_you_want_a_mesh

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As long as proprietary solution works try to enjoy it.
It has such a small permanent flash that no linux can boot there.

I’ve done some research about mesh and roaming, and I’d like to share what I’ve understood. Could you please confirm if I’ve got these concepts right?

  • Mesh: This is a type of network where access points (APs) connect to each other wirelessly. Since the APs aren’t hardwired, there is typically some loss of speed due to the wireless backhaul, correct?

  • Roaming: This refers to the ability of devices to seamlessly switch between APs as you move around, maintaining a stable connection without interruptions.

Given that I’m planning to hardwire the APs to the switch, it seems I don’t necessarily need a mesh system, right?

Let’s say I have two APs connected to the switch. I’d like my devices to see only one Wi-Fi network in the list, not separate networks for each AP. I also want my devices to automatically connect to the AP that is closest to them.

  1. Is it possible to configure the network so that the two APs broadcast as a single Wi-Fi network?
  2. Do I need to do anything special to ensure that my devices connect to the closer AP?

Lastly, regarding the TP-Link RE315:

  • Does it support the 802.11r standard?
  • If not, could you recommend other access points that support this feature?

11r is absoluyely unnecessary decoration, as long as wifi client falls into same dhcp subnet it will maintain uninterrupted connection, with R <.3s freeze, without maybe 1s, games lose lots of frames either way.

If they are hardwired you do not want or need a mesh system.

You have two, why are you asking me? You need to ask TP-Link.

Actually, I don’t have any access points right now. I was speaking hypothetically, using phrases like “let’s assume I had two APs,” etc. So, at the moment, I don’t own any.

Thank you all for your replies, they’ve been incredibly helpful. I’ll continue researching this topic and will update this thread if I run into any problems again.

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Start here, filogic closest to internet, others as pocket permits https://openwrt.org/toh/views/toh_available_16128_ax-wifi

I'm sorry but that's not true at all. You need 802.11r for the quick transitions. You technically can still roam but it will be a poor experience as you device will hold on to one AP for as long as physically possible before it then has to reauthenticate against a different AP. 802.11r allows for it to do a graceful handoff so that there is no need for reauthentication. With 802.11r your device will just move to the closer AP with little overhead.

The graceful is normatively under .3s , the ungrateful is 1..1.5s , no big difference irl.

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Here is what you probably want.

First get a off the shelf consumer router that has a build in switch. This will act as your network gateway and as your first access point.

Next get a switch. This can be a physical switch or a over the air switch. (mesh) If you plan on running cables you could get a POE switch with some POE access points. If you only want one other device you can just pickup a second router and then setup a mesh backhaul.

For roaming there are a few things you need to know:

  • First, to do roaming you want to enable 802.11r on all of the devices. This allows for your device to jump to a neibouring AP without reauthenticating.
  • In roaming there is a second technology called band stearing. This uses 802.11k and v to help steer a client to the best access point. This is probably not necessary for your small home network but it is needed for a larger deployments. To do this on OpenWRT you would need to look into DAWN.

Actually, this is incorrect. Yes, 802.11r can improve roaming transition speeds, but it isn't magic, and sometimes it can actually be detrimental to roaming performance because some client devices just don't work well with this standard.

Your phrasing here suggests that roaming "kind of' works without 802.11r. In actuality, roaming can work really well without the addition of 802.11r. When a client "holds on" to a specific AP, that is actually a sign that the radios have not been properly optimized in your environment. Specifically, the use of non-overlapping channels for neighboring APs, power level adjustments (almost always reduced power), and physical placement (to the extent possible) of the APs will help improve roaming performance by encouraging the client devices to make good roaming choices by means of the signal quality factors after everything is optimized.

This is ideally true, but not always in practice. First, the radio optimization I mentioned above must be done as a foundational step. Then, if there is a need for faster/smoother handoffs, 802.11r can be added on top of a well tuned wifi network. Keep in mind, though, that not all devices play well with 802.11r (especially IoT devices and things with inexpensive/low-end radio devices), and this can actually cause more problems that it solves in some situations. However, assuming that you don't have any deleterious effects, 802.11r will only really add value if the radio tuning has been performed because the system as a whole will still be based on logic that triggers based on thresholds of signal quality.

I do not recommend this unless there is a demonstrated need for it (and only after radio tuning is complete).

Again, band steering may only lead to issues in many situations. Let the client devices select the AP and the band based on their own internal logic -- this tends to work much better than AP settings that include fast roaming and band steering.

DAWN and other methods of handling large deployments is overkill for most homes, even large ones. I generally see it as filling a more enterprise need (businesses, schools, etc.) where you're dealing with many dozens of APs and hundreds or thousands of client devices. It's also fairly complex to setup and deploy, so the steep learning curve would likely only result in performance issues while the user learns how to use the tool.

Bottom line: keep it simple.

  • As others have stated, if you are able to use ethernet backhaul, this is preferred and means you do not need or want mesh.
  • Setup your APs in locations where you can ensure good coverage across your space.
  • optimize the power levels and channels to minimize the zone of overlap so that client devices make smart roaming decisions.

I really like the way this video walks though the optimization process... it specifically mentions Unifi, but applies to any wifi system as long as the appropriate settings are exposed to the user (yes, OpenWrt has them exposed and available).

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I can't say I agree with your statement. In my experience 802.11r makes a major difference as it allows a device to move easily between access points. When it is turned off my devices will stay on the previous AP longer and then drop the connection before spending a few seconds connecting to the next AP. This is problem when I'm watching something as it will buffer for a while as I walk.

It is possible some devices have issues with 802.11r but for me personally I haven't had an issue in the last 2 years.

As far as band steering goes I do agree that it is probably not needed. The only real benefit I have seen is in situations where there is a lot of people in a small area. This can happen during something like a house party when lots of peoples devices try to connect to a single AP. Band steering just allows for devices to be spread across multiple APs. I can setup a few devices in one area and DAWN will spread the load out. Without dawn the closer APs will go unutilized.

This usually points to an issue with the radio tuning, as I mentioned previously.

Properly tuned, 802.11r is not needed to have consistency while streaming. For example, my dad's previous house had 5 APs and 802.11r was not enabled (but I did spend time optimizing the radios). We could walk anywhere in the house and never drop a frame while streaming. The only exception would be for FaceTime or similar where it is truly real-time, but the roaming was still fast enough for there to only be a ~0.5 delay or so.

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The thing is I don't want to sit and manually tune radios. For me 802.11r worked out of the box.

It doesn't take all that long and it will likely improve your wifi performance. You may just be lucky that a) your devices work without issue using 802.11r, and b) your radio config is coincidentally 'good enough' for roaming to work with some level of reliability.

That said, I believe that your advice of using 802.11r is not universally applicable since it can actually cause problems. Applying this standard without first doing some basic tuning is more of a bandaid or lazy fix relative to properly tuning the radios to establish a good baseline roaming environment.

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