Band-Steering Cudy WR3000

Installing and Using OpenWrt
1

Hello,

I recently got this router and it has been amazing. SQM,adblock all working beautifully.

However I have an issue with Band-Steering. I have a single SSID for 2,4/5Ghz and a single router, no other APs. So I only want devices to change from 1 band to the other on the same device. My phone is a Oneplus 9 Pro and my brother has a Oneplus 6, both support 5ghz and the signal is excellent. Even being on top of the router won't make them switch.
Strangely enough, if I disconnect and reconnect back on the phones, they will connect to 5ghz,however if I reboot them,they will go to 2.4ghz and Never switch to 5ghz.

I have tried DAWN as well as usteer ,but havent had much success.
I haven't been able to add from the guide:
"/etc/config/wireless to each of your SSIDs:
option bss_transition '1'"

The wifi interfaces simply won't start when I do that.

I have tried all sorts of settings but its my first time setting this up so I am not really sure what im doing:

root@OpenWrt:~# vi /etc/config/dawn
        option con_timeout '60'
        option update_client '10'
        option remove_client '15'
        option remove_probe '30'
        option remove_ap '460'
        option update_hostapd '10'
        option update_tcp_con '10'
        option update_chan_util '5'
        option update_beacon_reports '20'

config metric 'global'
        option min_probe_count '3'
        option bandwidth_threshold '0'
        option use_station_count '0'
        option max_station_diff '1'
        option eval_probe_req '0'
        option eval_auth_req '0'
        option eval_assoc_req '0'
        option kicking '1'
        option kicking_threshold '20'
        option deny_auth_reason '1'
        option deny_assoc_reason '17'
        option min_number_to_kick '2'
        option chan_util_avg_period '3'
        option set_hostapd_nr '0'
        option duration '0'
        option rrm_mode 'pat'

config metric '802_11g'
        option initial_score '10'
        option ht_support '0'
        option vht_support '0'
        option no_ht_support '1'
        option no_vht_support '1'
        option rssi '15'
        option rssi_val '-50'
        option low_rssi_val '-80'
        option low_rssi '-15'
        option chan_util '0'
        option chan_util_val '140'
        option max_chan_util '-15'
        option max_chan_util_val '170'
        option rssi_weight '0'
        option rssi_center '-70'

config metric '802_11a'
        option initial_score '65'
        option ht_support '7'
        option vht_support '7'
        option no_ht_support '0'
        option no_vht_support '0'
        option rssi '15'
        option rssi_val '-60'
        option low_rssi_val '-80'
        option low_rssi '-15'
        option chan_util '0'
        option chan_util_val '140'
        option max_chan_util '-15'
        option max_chan_util_val '170'
        option rssi_weight '5'
        option rssi_center '-70'
2

You can take usteer, much easier for small LAN.
wpad-mbedtls (one without -basic-) is needed for measuring parts of kvr.

Please connect to your OpenWrt device using ssh and copy the output of the following commands and post it here using the "Preformatted text </> " button:
grafik
Remember to redact passwords, MAC addresses and any public IP addresses you may have:

ubus call system board
cat /etc/config/network
cat /etc/config/wireless
cat /etc/config/dhcp
cat /etc/config/firewall
3 
root@OpenWrt:~# ubus call system board
{
        "kernel": "5.15.162",
        "hostname": "OpenWrt",
        "system": "ARMv8 Processor rev 4",
        "model": "Cudy WR3000 v1",
        "board_name": "cudy,wr3000-v1",
        "rootfs_type": "squashfs",
        "release": {
                "distribution": "OpenWrt",
                "version": "23.05.4",
                "revision": "r24012-d8dd03c46f",
                "target": "mediatek/filogic",
                "description": "OpenWrt 23.05.4 r24012-d8dd03c46f"
        }
}

root@OpenWrt:~# cat /etc/config/network

config interface 'loopback'
        option device 'lo'
        option proto 'static'
        option ipaddr '127.0.0.1'
        option netmask '255.0.0.0'

config globals 'globals'
        option ula_prefix 'fdac:e181:3060::/48'

config device
        option name 'br-lan'
        option type 'bridge'
        list ports 'lan1'
        list ports 'lan2'
        list ports 'lan3'

config interface 'lan'
        option device 'br-lan'
        option proto 'static'
        option ipaddr '192.168.1.1'
        option netmask '255.255.255.0'
        option ip6assign '60'

config interface 'wan'
        option device 'wan'
        option proto 'dhcp'
        option peerdns '0'
        list dns '8.8.8.8'
        list dns '8.8.4.4'

config interface 'wan6'
        option device 'wan'
        option proto 'dhcpv6'

root@OpenWrt:~# cat /etc/config/wireless

config wifi-device 'radio0'
        option type 'mac80211'
        option path 'platform/18000000.wifi'
        option channel 'auto'
        option band '2g'
        option htmode 'HE40'
        option country 'GB'
        option cell_density '0'
        option txpower '20'

config wifi-iface 'default_radio0'
        option device 'radio0'
        option network 'lan'
        option mode 'ap'
        option ssid '**********'
        option encryption 'sae-mixed'
        option key '***********'





config wifi-device 'radio1'
        option type 'mac80211'
        option path 'platform/18000000.wifi+1'
        option channel 'auto'
        option band '5g'
        option htmode 'HE160'
        option txpower '23'
        option country 'GB'
        option cell_density '0'

config wifi-iface 'default_radio1'
        option device 'radio1'
        option network 'lan'
        option mode 'ap'
        option ssid '**********'
        option encryption 'sae-mixed'
        option key '************'


root@OpenWrt:~# cat /etc/config/dhcp

config dnsmasq
        option domainneeded '1'
        option boguspriv '1'
        option filterwin2k '0'
        option localise_queries '1'
        option rebind_protection '1'
        option rebind_localhost '1'
        option local '/lan/'
        option domain 'lan'
        option expandhosts '1'
        option nonegcache '0'
        option cachesize '1000'
        option authoritative '1'
        option readethers '1'
        option leasefile '/tmp/dhcp.leases'
        option resolvfile '/tmp/resolv.conf.d/resolv.conf.auto'
        option nonwildcard '1'
        option localservice '1'
        option ednspacket_max '1232'
        option filter_aaaa '0'
        option filter_a '0'
        option confdir '/tmp/dnsmasq.d'

config dhcp 'lan'
        option interface 'lan'
        option start '100'
        option limit '150'
        option leasetime '12h'
        option dhcpv4 'server'
        option dhcpv6 'server'
        option ra 'server'
        option ra_slaac '1'
        list ra_flags 'managed-config'
        list ra_flags 'other-config'

config dhcp 'wan'
        option interface 'wan'
        option ignore '1'

config odhcpd 'odhcpd'
        option maindhcp '0'
        option leasefile '/tmp/hosts/odhcpd'
        option leasetrigger '/usr/sbin/odhcpd-update'
        option loglevel '4'


root@OpenWrt:~# cat /etc/config/firewall
config defaults
        option syn_flood        1
        option input            REJECT
        option output           ACCEPT
        option forward          REJECT
# Uncomment this line to disable ipv6 rules
#       option disable_ipv6     1

config zone
        option name             lan
        list   network          'lan'
        option input            ACCEPT
        option output           ACCEPT
        option forward          ACCEPT

config zone
        option name             wan
        list   network          'wan'
        list   network          'wan6'
        option input            REJECT
        option output           ACCEPT
        option forward          REJECT
        option masq             1
        option mtu_fix          1

config forwarding
        option src              lan
        option dest             wan

# We need to accept udp packets on port 68,
# see https://dev.openwrt.org/ticket/4108
config rule
        option name             Allow-DHCP-Renew
        option src              wan
        option proto            udp
        option dest_port        68
        option target           ACCEPT
        option family           ipv4

# Allow IPv4 ping
config rule
        option name             Allow-Ping
        option src              wan
        option proto            icmp
        option icmp_type        echo-request
        option family           ipv4
        option target           ACCEPT

config rule
        option name             Allow-IGMP
        option src              wan
        option proto            igmp
        option family           ipv4
        option target           ACCEPT

# Allow DHCPv6 replies
# see https://github.com/openwrt/openwrt/issues/5066
config rule
        option name             Allow-DHCPv6
        option src              wan
        option proto            udp
        option dest_port        546
        option family           ipv6
        option target           ACCEPT

config rule
        option name             Allow-MLD
        option src              wan
        option proto            icmp
        option src_ip           fe80::/10
        list icmp_type          '130/0'
        list icmp_type          '131/0'
        list icmp_type          '132/0'
        list icmp_type          '143/0'
        option family           ipv6
        option target           ACCEPT

# Allow essential incoming IPv6 ICMP traffic
config rule
        option name             Allow-ICMPv6-Input
        option src              wan
        option proto    icmp
        list icmp_type          echo-request
        list icmp_type          echo-reply
        list icmp_type          destination-unreachable
        list icmp_type          packet-too-big
        list icmp_type          time-exceeded
        list icmp_type          bad-header
        list icmp_type          unknown-header-type
        list icmp_type          router-solicitation
        list icmp_type          neighbour-solicitation
        list icmp_type          router-advertisement
        list icmp_type          neighbour-advertisement
        option limit            1000/sec
        option family           ipv6
        option target           ACCEPT

# Allow essential forwarded IPv6 ICMP traffic
config rule
        option name             Allow-ICMPv6-Forward
        option src              wan
        option dest             *
        option proto            icmp
        list icmp_type          echo-request
        list icmp_type          echo-reply
        list icmp_type          destination-unreachable
        list icmp_type          packet-too-big
        list icmp_type          time-exceeded
        list icmp_type          bad-header
        list icmp_type          unknown-header-type
        option limit            1000/sec
        option family           ipv6
        option target           ACCEPT

config rule
        option name             Allow-IPSec-ESP
        option src              wan
        option dest             lan
        option proto            esp
        option target           ACCEPT

config rule
        option name             Allow-ISAKMP
        option src              wan
        option dest             lan
        option dest_port        500
        option proto            udp
        option target           ACCEPT


### EXAMPLE CONFIG SECTIONS
# do not allow a specific ip to access wan
#config rule
#       option src              lan
#       option src_ip   192.168.45.2
#       option dest             wan
#       option proto    tcp
#       option target   REJECT

# block a specific mac on wan
#config rule
#       option dest             wan
#       option src_mac  00:11:22:33:44:66
#       option target   REJECT

# block incoming ICMP traffic on a zone
#config rule
#       option src              lan
#       option proto    ICMP
#       option target   DROP

# port redirect port coming in on wan to lan
#config redirect
#       option src                      wan
#       option src_dport        80
#       option dest                     lan
#       option dest_ip          192.168.16.235
#       option dest_port        80
#       option proto            tcp

# port redirect of remapped ssh port (22001) on wan
#config redirect
#       option src              wan
#       option src_dport        22001
#       option dest             lan
#       option dest_port        22
#       option proto            tcp

### FULL CONFIG SECTIONS
#config rule
#       option src              lan
#       option src_ip   192.168.45.2
#       option src_mac  00:11:22:33:44:55
#       option src_port 80
#       option dest             wan
#       option dest_ip  194.25.2.129
#       option dest_port        120
#       option proto    tcp
#       option target   REJECT

#config redirect
#       option src              lan
#       option src_ip   192.168.45.2
#       option src_mac  00:11:22:33:44:55
#       option src_port         1024
#       option src_dport        80
#       option dest_ip  194.25.2.129
#       option dest_port        120
#       option proto    tcp
4

Firewall - default
Dhcp - default
Do you see 5G access point at all, it may happen that radar detection prevents it from running. Try 80MHz for starters, also make sure device country is GB, Europe or US has different channel restrictions than UK, and only least common set of channels can be used.
You will need to remove wpad-basic-mbedtls and replace it with wpad-mbedtls to have roaming protocols supported. Then for dawn you need to enable 11k and 11v via config file, you can skip complexity by removing dawn and installing usteer.
Config/network - OK, nothing strange
system board - latest version, nice :wink:

If you need precise guidance on install/uninstall commands give a sign. doing it from wired connection is more forgiving about mistakes.

5

thank you!

It was all because of wpad, it wouldnt let me install wpad-mbedtls due to some dependancies, so I had to force remove it, then do a full reboot and install wpad-mbedtls

This showed all the options even in the UI for the wifi interface.

I've installed usteer and at default it didnt work, I changed these:

Band steering interval 20000
Attempting to steer clients to a higher frequency-band every n ms. A value of 0 disables band-steering.
Band steering min SNR -70
Minimal SNR or absolute signal a device has to maintain over band_steering_interval to be steered to a higher frequency

Phones switched automatically after 20 seconds as expected. Beautiful!

Thanks again for your help!

1 Like
6

usteer adds roaming features to AP on the fly, no need pinching configs at all.

7

so with usteer I don't even need wpad-mbedtls and no need to add 11k and 11v to config?

8

You need wpad-mbedtls to support those options, usteer will enable them on the fly if supported. If options are not supported by hostapd (part of wpad) then option to measure signal on other radio or kick clients is very limited.

9

gotcha, indeed I see a whole new page in the advanced options for the radios now.

10

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